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Dachau
Timeline
1934
16 May 1934Bernhard Pabst is the first Sinto known by name to be sent to Dachau concentration camp in Germany, which was set up in March 1933.
1938
12 May 1938Austrian Roma from Burgenland write a letter of protest to the Reich government complaining about the restriction of their rights. None of the men survive the Nazi era. Franz Horvath dies on 22 October 1939 as a result of mistreatment he endured in Dachau concentration camp in Germany.
13 – 18 June 1938During the ‘Aktion Arbeitsscheu Reich’, large groups of Sinti and Roma, all men, are arrested for the first time and sent to Buchenwald, Dachau and Sachsenhausen concentration camps in Germany.
1939
28 June 1939At least 554 Sinti and Roma men from Austria are imprisoned in Dachau concentration camp in Germany.
26 September 1939At least 534 Sinti and Roma, all men, are transferred from Dachau concentration camp, Germany, to Buchenwald concentration camp.
27 September 1939143 Sinti and Roma, all men, are deported from Dachau concentration camp in Germany to Mauthausen concentration camp in Austria.
1944
14 November 1944157 Hungarian Roma, all men, are sent to Dachau concentration camp in Germany. By 21 December 1944, a total of around 1,100 Roma, men and women, from Hungary are sent to Dachau for forced labour. The women are transferred to Ravensbrück and Bergen-Belsen shortly afterwards.
1945
13 April 1945The women of the Wolkenburg satellite camp, Germany, including Rosa Mettbach, Marie Fröhlich and Mädie Franz, are first driven by the SS towards the Flossenbürg concentration camp and then to Dachau. On this death march, five women, including three Sinti or Roma, were shot near Irrenlohe.
29 April 1945Dachau concentration camp in Germany is liberated by American troops.
1968
8 Septmeber 1968An international memorial is inaugurated on the grounds of the Dachau concentration camp memorial site in Germany, which opened in May 1965. The memorial includes a depiction of the brown triangle representing the Romani victim group.
1980
4 – 11 April 1980Twelve Sinti, all men, including survivors Jakob Bamberger, Ranco Brantner, Hans Braun and Franz Wirbel, go on hunger strike in the Church of Reconciliation on the grounds of the Dachau concentration camp memorial site in Germany in protest against the continuing discrimination against the minority.
1993
16 May 1993 – 7 July 1993‘Roma Refuge Dachau’: On the grounds of the Dachau concentration camp memorial site, Germany, around 150 Romani men and women threatened with deportation seek sanctuary in the Church of Reconciliation; the action ends on 7 July.
Encyclopaedia of the Nazi Genocide of the Sinti and Roma in Europe
Research Centre on Antigypsyism, Heidelberg University
Based on www.open-encyclopedia-system.org, developed by Center for Digital Systems, Freie Universität Berlin
Funded by German Foreign Office
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