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Lackenbach
Timeline
1939
17 October 1939In Germany, the ‘Festsetzungserlass’ (Immobilisation Decree) prohibits all Sinti and Roma from changing their place of residence or domicile under threat of imprisonment in a concentration camp. The immobilisation is intended to facilitate the preparation of deportations.
1940
31 October 1940A decree issued by the Reich Criminal Police Office enables the subordinate authorities in Austria to tighten their policy towards Roma and Sinti, including by concentrating them in guarded settlements and detention camps.
23 November 1940The first Roma are sent to the Lackenbach detention camp in Burgenland, Austria (‚Ostmark‘). By the end of the war, a total of 3,200 to 3,300 Roma and Sinti are being held there. Most of them are deported and do not survive.
1941
21 September 1941In Halbturn, Austria, all Roma are transferred to the Lackenbach detention camp. Among them is the couple Katharina and Stefan Ujvary with their children Adam, Eva, Gertrude and Walter. None of them survives.
4 – 8 November 1941In the space of five days, 5,007 Austrian Roma from Burgenland and the Gau Niederdonau are deported to the Litzmannstadt ghetto. The rail transports depart from the Lackenbach detention camp (2,000 Roma on November 4 and 7), the Fürstenfeld transit camp (1,000 Roma on November 5) and the Alt-Pinkafeld transit camp (1,000 Roma on November 7, 1,007 Roma on November 8). Ten children and one woman die during the deportations.
1943
26 February 1943The first Sinti and Roma are deported to the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration and extermination camp (German-annexed Poland) in Camp Section BIIe on the basis of the ‘Auschwitz Decree’. From 1 March 1943, further deportation trains with Sinti and Roma arrive almost daily. By the end of the month, 12,259 men, women and children are already registered in the ‘General ledger of the Gypsy camp’.
1949
16 August 1949The People’s Court in Vienna, Austria, closes its investigation against Bernhard Wilhelm Neureiter, one of the National Socialist politicians who played a key role in the persecution of the Austrian Roma and Sinti.
1984
10 October 1984At the initiative of survivors, a memorial is being unveiled on the former site of the forced labor camp in Lackenbach, Austria.
1990
November 1990To mark the 50th anniversary of the establishment of the forced labor camp, a commemorative ceremony is organised in Lackenbach, Austria. Since then, the victims are commemorated there every year in mid-November.
Encyclopaedia of the Nazi Genocide of the Sinti and Roma in Europe
Research Centre on Antigypsyism, Heidelberg University
Based on www.open-encyclopedia-system.org, developed by Center for Digital Systems, Freie Universität Berlin
Funded by German Foreign Office
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