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Protektorat Böhmen und Mähren
Zeitleiste
1939
15 March 1939German troops occupy the remaining territory of the Czech part of Czechoslovakia, i.e. the territory of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia, which Germany and Poland have not occupied and annexed until then. The day after that, the newly occupied territories are established as ‘Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia’.
30 November 1939The Minister of the Interior of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech Lands) orders that by 1 January 1940 all ‘itinerant Gypsies’ have to settle down in their home towns or wherever they are staying on that date.
1942
9 March 1942The Government of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech lands) issues Decree No. 89/1942 Coll. on the ‘Preventive Fight against Crime’. On this basis, Sinti and Roma can be deported to concentration camps at any time.
24 June 1942The ‘Decree on Combating the Gypsy Menace’, a copy of the German decree of the same name, is issued in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech Lands).
10 July 1942The implementation order for the ‘Decree on Combating the Gypsy Menace’ is issued in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech Lands), setting out in detail the measures to be taken.
1 – 3 August 1942In the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech Lands), people defined as ‘Gypsies’ are registered.
2 August 1942In the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech Lands), the ‘Zigeunerlager’ Lety near Pisek and Hodonin near Kunstadt start to operate. During the first days more than a thousand people are deported to each camp.
2 – 7 December 1942Prisoners labelled as ‘asocials’ are deported from the ‘Zigeunerlager’ in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech Lands) to Auschwitz I concentration camp (German-annexed Poland).
16 December 1942‘Auschwitz Decree’: Heinrich Himmler, head of the Schutzstaffel (‘Reichsführer-SS’), orders the deportation of Sinti and Roma from the German Reich to Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration and extermination camp.
1943
6 March 1943The first mass transport from the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech Lands) to Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration and extermination camp on the basis of the ‘Auschwitz’ decree, numbering approx. 1,040 Roma men, women, and children, leaves the city of Brno. They are registered in the camp on 7 and 8 March.
9 March 1943The Decree on the ‘preventive fight against crime’ is issued in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech Lands). This decree is largely a copy of the regulation of the same name issued in the German Reich by Heinrich Himmler in 1937.
10 March 1943 The second mass transport from the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech Lands) on the basis of the ‘Auschwitz decree’, departing from the city of Prague and numbering approx. 650 Roma men, women, and children, arrives in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration and extermination camp. They are registered on 11 March.
19 March 1943About 1,050 men, women and children deported from the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech lands) on the basis of the ‘Auschwitz decree’ are registered on arrival in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration and extermination camp. They arrive on the third mass transport from the Protectorate, departing from the city of Olomouc.
7 May 1943About 860 men, women and children, mainly inmates of the detention camp Lety near Pisek, are registered in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration and extermination camp. They were deported in the fourth mass transport from the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech lands) on the basis of the ‘Auschwitz decree’.
8 August 1943In Lety near Pisek in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech lands), the ‘liquidation’ of the ‘Zigeunerlager’ is completed and the camp is officially closed down.
22 August 1943About 770 men, women and children, mainly prisoners of the ‘Zigeunerlager’ Hodonin near Kunstadt, are registered in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration and extermination camp. They were deported in the fifth mass transport from the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech lands) on the basis of the ‘Auschwitz decree’.
30 September 1943The ‘Zigeunerlager’ Hodonin near Kunstadt in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech lands) is disbanded, but officially closed down only on 1 December 1943.
19 October 1943On the basis of the ‘Auschwitz decree’, the sixth mass transport from the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech Lands), departing from the cities of Prague and Brno and numbering approx. 90 people, arrives in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration and extermination camp.
1944
27 January 1944About 30 Sinti and Roma, former internees from the ‘Zigeunerlager’ Hodonin near Kunstadt, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech lands), are deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau.
28 January 1944On the basis of the ‘Auschwitz decree’, the seventh mass transport from the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (German-occupied Czech Lands), departing from the cities of Prague and Brno and numbering approx. 40 people, arrives in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration and extermination camp.
Encyclopaedia of the Nazi Genocide of the Sinti and Roma in Europe
Research Centre on Antigypsyism, Heidelberg University
Based on www.open-encyclopedia-system.org, developed by Center for Digital Systems, Freie Universität Berlin
Funded by German Foreign Office
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