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Sachsenhausen
Timeline
1937
27 May 1937Adolf W. is deported to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp in Germany. He is the first Sinto known by name in the camp set up near Berlin in July 1936.
1938
13 – 18 June 1938During the ‘Aktion Arbeitsscheu Reich’, large groups of Sinti and Roma, all men, are arrested for the first time and sent to Buchenwald, Dachau and Sachsenhausen concentration camps in Germany.
9 – 10 November 1938During a pogrom against the Jewish population organised by the Nazi leadership, at least 1,400 synagogues in Germany and Austria are damaged or destroyed, hundreds of people are injured or killed and more than 30,000 Jewish men are deported to the Buchenwald, Dachau and Sachsenhausen concentration camps.
1940
25 January 1940Around 1,000 prisoners, including 48 Sinti and Roma, are transferred from Sachsenhausen concentration camp in Germany to Mauthausen in Austria.
25 July 1940The first Sinti and Roma are sent to the Neuengamme concentration camp in Germany, which was initially set up as a satellite camp of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp in December 1938 and became an independent camp in spring 1940.
22 September 1940The first Sinti and Roma, all men, are imprisoned in the Wewelsburg satellite camp of Sachsenhausen concentration camp in Germany. From 1 September 1941, the satellite camp becomes an independent concentration camp in Niederhagen/Wewelsburg.
1941
7 June 1941As part of ‘Operation 14f13’, prisoners are transferred from the Sachsenhausen concentration camp in Germany to the Pirna-Sonnenstein killing centre and gassed. Among them are four Sinti and Roma.
1943
25 January 1943With a transport of over 1,000 prisoners from the Compiègne-Royallieu transit camp in German-occupied France, 65 French Sinti and Roma are sent to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp in Germany.
1945
3 March 1945211 Roma and Sinti are transferred to Sachsenhausen concentration camp as part of a partial evacuation of the men’s camp in Ravensbrück, Germany. Many of the men were former Wehrmacht soldiers.
22 April 1945Polish and Soviet troops liberate the Sachsenhausen concentration camp, Germany, where there are still 3,400 weakened prisoners.
1990
17 December 1990On the initiative of the Cinti Union and the Rom-Union Berlin, the first memorial plaque for Sinti and Roma is installed at the Sachsenhausen Memorial in Germany.
2004
7 November 2004A permanent exhibition on Sinti and Roma in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp is opened in the former infirmary of the Sachsenhausen Memorial in Germany.
2024
18 April 2024At the Sachsenhausen Memorial in Germany, an intervention developed by relatives of victims of the concentration camp, among others, critically comments on and supplements the existing permanent exhibition on Sinti and Roma.
Encyclopaedia of the Nazi Genocide of the Sinti and Roma in Europe
Research Centre on Antigypsyism, Heidelberg University
Based on www.open-encyclopedia-system.org, developed by Center for Digital Systems, Freie Universität Berlin
Funded by German Foreign Office
Contact
Heidelberg University
Research Centre on Antigypsyism
Hauptstraße 216
69117 Heidelberg
Germany
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